Чланак
мар 30
Назад

SOCIALIST BANKING: THE CONTINUOUS EVOLUTION OF THE BANKING SECTOR IN YUGOSLAVIA (1944/45–1991/92)

Saša Ilić

10.51204/Anali_PFBU_22102A
САЖЕТАК /

The article explores the influence of the ideological and political frameworks and changes in the physiognomy of social, economic and internal political relations, as well as the foreign policy orientation, on the structure of the banking sector in socialist Yugoslavia, The attempt is to determine the appearance and the important features of the banking sector, the sequence of reforms that marked this field of economic life in the second half of the 20th century, as well as the effectiveness of the observed changes. The overview is provided of the characteristics of the different phases that the Yugoslav banking system, starting with the development of the socialist banking system, planned organization and rigid centralization, through various phases of decentralization, central plan weakening and introduction of market elements, to the shaping (and reshaping) of the self-management banking system and its repercussions on the country’s economic unity.

ЧЛАНАК ЈЕ РАСПОЛОЖИВ НА /
Ћирилици   Латиници   Енглеском  
РЕФЕРЕНЦЕ /
  1. Archives of the National Bank of Serbia (ANB): National Bank of Yugoslavia 1945–1992 (1/III) [collection in the process of archival processing]; Legacy of Miodrag Ugričić (18).
  2. Archives of Yugoslavia (AJ): Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (4); Ministry of Electric Power Industry (11); Ministry of Finance (12); Ministry of Industry (17); Economic Council of the FPRY (40); Black Metallurgy Head Administration (106); Head Directorate of the Federal Motor Industry (108); Federal Executive Council (130); Presidency of the SFRY (803).

Legal acts

  1. Official Gazette of the SR Croatia (1973).
  2. Official Gazette of the SR of Makedonia (1972).
  3. Official Gazette of the SR of Serbia (1973).
  4. Official Gazette of the DFY (1945).
  5. Official Gazette of the FPRY (1946–1952, 1954, 1956–1961).
  6. Official Gazette of the SAP of Kosovo (1973).
  7. Official Gazette of the SAP of Vojvodina (1972–1973).
  8. Official Gazette of the SFRY (1963, 1965–1966, 1972–1973, 1976, 1981, 1984–1986, 1988–1990).
  9. Official Gazette of the SR of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1972).
  10. Official Gazette of the SR of Montenegro (1972–1973).
  11. Official Gazette of the SR of Slovenia (1973).

Literature

  1. Aleksić, Vesna S. 2002. Banka i moć: socijalno-finansijska istorija Opšteg jugoslovenskog bankarskog društva a.d. 1928–1945 [Bank and power: Socio-financial history of Opšte jugoslovensko bankarsko društvo AD 1928–1945]. Belgrade: Stubovi kulture.
  2. Aleksić, Vesna S. 2021. From Affiliation to Nazification: The Political Destiny of a “Grossbank” in Yugoslavia 1918–1945. Belgrade: Institute of Economic Sciences.
  3. Andrijašević, Jovan. 1975. Tržište i tržišne strukture u privredi Jugoslavije [Market and market structures in Yugoslavia’s economy]. Belgrade: Institute of Social Sciences, Economic Research Center.
  4. Berend, Ivan T. 2009. Ekonomska istorija Evrope u XX veku: Ekonomski modeli od laissez-faire do globalizacije [Economic history of Europe in the 20th century: Economic models from laissez-faire to globalization]. Belgrade: Arhipelag.
  5. Crouzet, François. 2001. A History of the European Economy, 1000–2000. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
  6. Cvikić, Sandra, Ivana Žebec Šilj. 2018. Društveni utjecaj centralno planirane ekonomije u socijalističkoj Hrvatskoj – primjer Vukovara [Social influence of centrally planned economy in socialist Croatia – the example of Vukovar]. 407–411 in Ekonomska teorija u periodu 1958–2018 [Economic theory during the 1958–2018 period], edited by Božo Drašković, Jelena Minović and Aida Hanić. Belgrade: Institute of Economic Sciences.
  7. Čalić, Mari-Žanin. 2013. Istorija Jugoslavije u 20. veku [The history of Yugoslavia in the 20th century]. Belgrade: Clio.
  8. Čobeljić, Nikola, Ilija Rosić. 1989. Privredni razvoj i privredni sistem Jugoslavije [Economic development and Yugoslavia’s economic system]. Belgrade: Savremena administracija.
  9. Čobeljić, Nikola, Radmila Stojanović. 1966. Teorija investicionih ciklusa u socijalističkoj privredi [Theory of investment cycles in socialist economy]. Belgrade: Economic Research Institute.
  10. Čobeljić, Nikola, Kosta Mihailović, and S. Đurović. 3–4/1954. Problem našeg tržišta s naročitim osvrtom na tržište poljoprivrednih proizvoda [The problem of our market with special reference to the market of agricultural products]. Ekonomist, organ Saveza društava ekonomista Jugoslavije 7: 31–70.
  11. Čobeljić, Nikola. 1959. Politika i metodi privrednog razvoja Jugoslavije 1947–1956 [Politics and methods of Yugoslavia’s development 1947–1956]. Belgrade: Nolit.
  12. Čobeljić, Nikola. 1976. Privreda Jugoslavije: rast, struktura i funkcionisanje [Yugoslav economy: Growth, structure and functioning]. Belgrade: Savremena administracija and Economic Research Institute.
  13. Čobeljić, Nikola. 1988. Plan i tržište – otvoreni problemi i pokušaj sinteze [Plan and market – Open issues and attempted synthesis]. 21–60 in Plan i tržište u jugoslovenskom ekonomskom sistemu: Zbornik radova [Plan and market in the Yugoslav economic system: Collection of works], edited by Nikola Čobeljić. Belgrade: Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences and the “Svetozar Marković” University in Kragujevac.
  14. Čolanović, Branko. 1979. Joint Ventures in Yugoslavia. Belgrade: Association of Publicists.
  15. Eichengreen, Barry. 2007. The European Economy Since 1945: Coordinated Capitalism and Beyond. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400829545
  16. Eloranta, Jari, Mark Harrison. 2010. War and disintegration, 1914–1950. 133–155. The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Europe: 1870 to the Present, Vol. 2, edited by Stephen Broadberry and Kevin H. O’Rourke. Cambridge: University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511794841.008
  17. Gaćeša, Nikola L. (ed.). 2001. Istorija bankarstva u Vojvodini [The history of banking in Vojvodina]. Novi Sad: Matica srpska and Vojvođanska banka.
  18. Gligorov, Vladimir. 2017. Korist i troškovi – ključna tema sporenja [Benefit and costs – the key issue of contention]. 383–413 in Jugoslavija u istorijskoj perspektivi [Yugoslavia in a historical perspective], edited by Latinka Perović, Drago Roksandić, Mitja Velikonja, Wolfgang Hopken, Florian Bieber. Belgrade: Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia.
  19. Gnjatović, Dragana. 11–12/2011. Nacionalizacija Privilegovane agrarne banke posle Drugog svetskog rata [Nationalization of the Privileged Agrarian Bank after the Second World War]. Bankarstvo 40: 10–23.
  20. Golijanin, Milan. 1979. Monetarni sistem i monetarno-kreditna politika Jugoslavije [Yugoslav monetary system and monetary and credit policy]. Zagreb: Izdavačko instruktivni biro.
  21. Golijanin, Milan. 1983. Bankarstvo Jugoslavije: Teorija, organizacija i poslovanje [Yugoslav banking: theory, organization and operation]. Belgrade: Privredni pregled.
  22. Hadži-Pešić, Jovan. 1995. Novac Jugoslavije 1944–1992 [Yugoslav money 1944–1992]. Belgrade: National Bank of Yugoslavia.
  23. Hanson, Philip. 2003. The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Economy: An Economic History of the USSR from 1945. New York: Routledge.
  24. Hobsbawm, Eric. 2002. Doba ekstrema: Istorija Kratkog dvadesetog veka 1914–1991 [The Age of Extremes: The Short Twentieth Century, 1914–1991]. Belgrade: Dereta.
  25. Hofmann, Gordana. 2004. Narodna banka 1944–1991 [The National Bank 1944–1991]. Belgrade: European Center for Peace and Development.
  26. Horvat, Branko. 1969. Privredni ciklusi u Jugoslaviji [Economic cycles in Yugoslavia]. Belgrade: Institute of Economic Sciences.
  27. Horvat, Branko. 1970. Privredni sistem i ekonomska politika Jugoslavije: Problemi, teorije, ostvarenja, propusti [Yugoslavia’s economic system and economic policy: Problems, theories, achievements and oversights]. Belgrade: Institute of Economic Sciences.
  28. Horvat, Branko. 1984. Jugoslavenska privreda 1965–1983: Prognoze i kritike [Yugoslav economy 1965–1983: Forecasts and critiques]. Ljubljana, Zagreb: Cankarjeva založba.
  29. Huszti, Ernő. 1–2/1981. Main Trends in the Development of Socialist Banking Systems and Organization: Relations Between the Functions of Issuing (Central) and Credit Banks. Acta Oeconomica 26: 71–91.
  30. Ilić, Saša. 2020a. Stranci „gastarbajteri“: Strana stručna radna snaga u privredi Jugoslavije 1945–1950. godine [Foreign “guest workers”: Foreign skilled workforce in the Yugoslav economy 1945–1950]. Belgrade: Archives of Yugoslavia.
  31. Ilić, Saša. 2/2020b. Krah politike zarada i cena u leto 1945. godine [The collapse of the policy of wages and prices in the summer of 1945]. Tokovi istorije 28: 107–138. https://doi.org/10.31212/tokovi.2020.2.ili.107-138
  32. Ilić, Saša. 2021. Bankarstvo socijalističke Jugoslavije do uvođenja socijalističke tržišne privrede (1944/45–1965) [Banking system of socialist Yugoslavia until the introduction of socialist market economy (1944/45–1965)]. 137–150 in Značaj institucionalnih promena u ekonomiji Srbije kroz istoriju [Importance of institutional changes in Serbia’s economy through history], edited by Jelena Minović, Milica Kočović De Santo, Aleksandar Matković. Belgrade: Institute of Economic Sciences.
  33. Jović, Dejan. 2009. Yugoslavia: A State that Withered Away. West Lafayette: Purdue University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt6wq3tg
  34. Kardelj, Edvard. 1953. O osnovama društvenog i političkog uređenja FNRJ [On the fundamentals of the social and political organization of the FPRY]. Belgrade: Kultura.
  35. Komunist. 1990. Novi projekt za demokratski socijalizam i Jugoslaviju [New project for democratic socialism and Yugoslavia]. 19 January 1990.
  36. Kršev, Boris N. 3–4/2008. Nacionalizacija Narodne banke Kraljevine Jugoslavije [Nationalization of the National Bank of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia]. Tokovi istorije 16: 28–45.
  37. Lampe, John R., Marvin R. Jackson. 1982. Balkan Economic History: From imperial Borderlands to Developing Nations. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  38. Marjanović, Jovan, Đorđe Knežević, Branko Petranović, Aleksandar Jovanović. 1968. 25 godina socijalističke Jugoslavije [25 years of socialist Yugoslavia]. Belgrade: PTT Printing and Publishing Company.
  39. Mecinger, Jože. 1988. Sjaj i beda društvenog planiranja [The splendor and misery of social planning]. 175–184 in Plan i tržište u jugoslovenskom ekonomskom sistemu: Zbornik radova [Plan and market in the Yugoslav economic system: Collection of works], edited by Nikola Čobeljić. Belgrade: Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences and the “Svetozar Marković” University in Kragujevac.
  40. Mitrović, Andrej, Veroljub Dugalić, Dragana Gnjatović, Ile Kovačević, Gordana Hofman. 2004. Narodna banka 1884–2004 [The National Bank 1884–2004]. Belgrade: Yugoslav Review.
  41. Mitrović, Momčilo. 1988. Društveno-ekonomske promene i organizacija upravljanja privredom u Srbiji 1944–52. godine [Socioeconomic changes and the organization of managing the economy in Serbia 1944–52]. Belgrade: Institut za istoriju radničkog pokreta Srbije.
  42. Moiseev, Sergei Rustamovitch. 2015. История центральных банков и бумажных денег [Istorii͡a t͡sentralʹnykh bankov i bumazhnykh deneg; History of central banks and paper money]. Moscow: Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
  43. Neuberger, Egon, 3/1959. Centralization vs. Decentralization: The Case of Yugoslav Banking. The American Slavic and East European Review 18: 361–373. https://doi.org/10.2307/3004132
  44. NIN. 1999. Operacija u Narodnoj banci [Operation in the National Bank]. No. 2549, 4 November.
  45. Perak, M. 1981. Poštanska štedionica 1921–1981: 60 godina u službi napretka [Postal Savings Bank 1921–1981: 60 years in the service of progress]. Belgrade: Postal Savings Bank.
  46. Perišin, Ivo. 1975. Novac, kredit i bankarstvo u sistemu samoupravljanja [Money, credit and banking in the self-management system]. Zagreb: Informator.
  47. Petranović, Branko (ed.). 1995. Zapisnici sa sednica Politbiroa Centralnog komiteta KPJ (11. jun 1945–7. jul 1948) [Minutes from the CPY Central Committee Politburo sittings (11 June 1945–7 July 1948]. Belgrade: Archives of Yugoslavia and Official Gazette of the FRY.
  48. Petranović, Branko. 1988. Istorija Jugoslavije 1918–1988, treća knjiga: Socijalistička Jugoslavija 1945–1988 [The history of Yugoslavia 1918–1988, Vol 3.: Socialist Yugoslavia 1945–1988]. Belgrade: Nolit.
  49. Petrović, Vojislav J. 1954. Razvitak privrednog sistema FNRJ posmatran kroz pravne propise, I, Period od početka Narodnooslobodilačke borbe do donošenja Ustava FNRJ [The development of the FPRY economic system viewed through legal regulations, I, Period from the beginning of the National Liberation Struggle until the adoption of the Constitution of the FPRY]. Belgrade: Economic Institute of the FPRY.
  50. Petrović, Vojislav J. 1957. Razvitak privrednog sistema FNRJ posmatran kroz pravne propise, IV, Period od donošenja osnovnog Zakona o upravljanju državnim preduzećima do prelaska na novi privredni sistem (sredina 1950 do kraja 1953 god.) [The development of the FPRY economic system viewed through legal regulations, IV, Period from adoption of the basic Law on the Management of State Companies until the transition to a new economic system (mid-1950 until end of 1953)]. Belgrade: Economic Institute of the FPRY.
  51. Pijevac, Komnen, Miladin Milošević, Vukman Boričić. 2000. Vodič kroz fondove Kraljevine Jugoslavije [Guide through the collections of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia]. Belgrade: Archives of Yugoslavia.
  52. Piljak, Milan. 2013. Reforme jugoslovenskog ekonomskog sistema 1945–1965 [Reforms of the Yugoslav economic system 1945–1965]. 219–239 in Istorijska tribina: Istraživanja mladih saradnika Instituta za noviju istoriju Srbije, Zbornik radova [Historical forum: Research of young associates of the Institute for Serbia’s recent history Serbia, Collection of works], edited by Zoran Janjetović. Belgrade: Institute for Recent History of Serbia.
  53. Popović, Milentije. 1–2/1954. Povodom diskusije o privrednom sistemu [Regarding a discussion on the economic system]. Naša stvarnost 2.
  54. Federal Statistical Office. 1986. Jugoslavija 1945–1985: Statistički prikaz [Yugoslavia 1945–1985: Statistial Review]. Belgrade: Federal Statistical Office.
  55. Federal Statistical Office. 1989. Jugoslavija 1918–1988: Statistički godišnjak [Yugoslavia 1918–1988: Statistical Yearbook]. Belgrade: Federal Statistical Office.
  56. Federal Executive Council. 1990. Program daljih reformi jugoslovenskog društva: Vreme promena [Program of further reform of the Yugoslav society: Times of change]. Belgrade: Information Secretariat.
  57. Sherif, Khaled, Michael Borish, Alexandra Gross. 2003. State-Owned Banks in the Transition: Origins, Evolution, and Policy Responses. Washington: World Bank.
  58. Soto, Jesús Huerta de. 2009. Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute.
  59. Tatić, Dušan (ed.). 1989 Banks. 94–96. Pravna enciklopedija [Law encyclopedia], A–NJ, Vol. 1. Belgrade: Savremena administracija.
  60. Turnock, David. 2005. The East European Economy in Context: Communism and Transition. London and New York: Routledge.
  61. Ugričić, Miodrag. 1967. Novčani sistem Jugoslavije [The monetary system of Yugoslavia]. Belgrade: Textbook Publishing Company of the FR of Serbia.
  62. Vratuša, Anton (ed.). 1979. Enciklopedija samoupravljanja [Encyclopedia of self-management]. Belgrade: Savremena administracija and Publishing Center Komunist.
  63. Vučković, Miloš. 1956. Novac, kredit, banke. [Money, credit, banks]. 420–442 in Razvoj privrede FNRJ [Development of the economy of the FPRY], edited by Vladimir Cerić, Nikola Čobeljić, Sergije Đurović, Miloš Macura, Kosta Mihajlović, Himlija Hasanagić. Belgrade: Nolit.