Article
Mar 30
Back

THE POSSIBILITY OF REGULATORY FUNCTION OF JUDICIAL POWER

Goran Dajović

10.51204/Anali_PFBU_22108A
ABSTRACT /

The article presents two theses. The first is that previous court judgments can be „sources“ of general rules and standards that will constraint the courts, as decision-makers, even if they are not formally established as legally binding. The second is that it should be so for several reasons – the most important being predictability and equality.

In this part of the article the concepts of separation of powers, types of state functions, and judicial power are explained. The reasons why the judicial power can perform the law-making function in a legal system in which it is not formally established are presented. As an illustration of how the system in which courts perform a law-making function works, the application of the doctrine of stare decisis in the USA is described. Finally, several decisions of the Constitutional Court of Serbia that indicate similar practice in Serbian legal system are analyzed.

DOWNLOAD COMPLETE ARTICLE /
Serbian (cyr)   Serbian (lat)  
REFERENCES /
  1. Alexander, Lary, Emily Sherwin. 2001. The Rule of Rules: Morality, Rules, and the Dilemmas of Law. Durham and London: Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv123x7fs
  2. Alexander, Larry, Emily Sherwin. 2004. Judges as Rulemakers. University of San Diego Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper. Series 15.
  3. Alexy, Robert, Ralf Dreier. 1991. Statutory interpretation in the Federal Republic of Germany. 73–121. Interpreting statutes: A comparative study, eds. Neil MacCormick, Robert Summers. Aldershot: Ashgate – Dartmouth.
  4. Barber, Nicholas. 1/2000. Sovereignty Re-examined: The Courts, Parliament, and Statutes. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 20: 131–154. https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/20.1.131
  5. Bayles, Michael D. 1992. Hart’s Legal Philosophy – an examination. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
  6. Black’s Law Dictionary. 2004. 8th ed., ed. Bryan A. Garner.
  7. Bulygin, Eugenio. 2015. Essays in Legal Philosophy, eds. Carlos Bernal, Carla Huerta, Tecla Mazzarese, José Juan Moreso, Pablo E. Navarro and Stanley L. Paulson. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198729365.001.0001
  8. Burazin, Luka, Ðorđe Gardašević, Mario Krešić. 2/2021. Poustavljenje hrvatskog pravnog poretka, Zbornik PFZ 71: 221–254. https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.71.2.04
  9. Bums, Linda Claire. 1991. Vagueness, An Investigation into Natural Languages and the Sorites Paradox. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media.
  10. Claus, Laurence. 3/2005. Montesquieu’s Mistakes and the True Meaning of Separation. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 25: 419–451. https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/gqi022
  11. Coleman, Jules. 2001. The Practice of Principle. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  12. Cross, Rupert, J. W. Harris 1991. Precedent in English Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/1122986
  13. Dajović, Goran. 3/2010. Rule of Recognition and Written Constitution. The Annals of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade – Belgrade Law Review 58: 248–264.
  14. Dajović, Goran. 2014. Hartov novi početak, pogovor. U Hart, H. Pojam prava. Beograd: Službeni glasnik – Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu.
  15. Dajović, Goran, Bojan Spaić. 2016. Pravo na obrazloženu presudu: Praksa Evropskog suda za ljudska prava / Right to a Reasoned Trial: Practice of The European Court of Human Rights. Podgorica: Centar za demokratsku tranziciju.
  16. Dajović, Goran. 2018. Pravno i faktičko pitanje. 139–159. Identitetski preobražaja Srbije – prilozi projektu, ur. Ivana Krstić, Maja Lukić. Beograd: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu.
  17. Dajović Goran (ur.). 2019. Srpsko pravosuđe na ustavnoj stranptici – svedočanstvo o „debati“ povodom inicijative za promenu Ustava RS u oblasti pravosuđa, 2017–18. Beograd: CEPRIS.
  18. Dajović, Goran. 2020. Epitaf za srpski ustav. Otvorena vrata pravosuđa. Maj 2020. https://otvorenavratapravosudja.rs/teme/ustavno-pravo/epitaf-za-srpski-ustav, poslednji pristup 29. novembra 2021.
  19. Duxbury, Neil. 2013. Elements of legislation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  20. Edlin, Douglas. 2010. Judges and Unjust Laws. The University of Michigan Press.
  21. Ervin, Sam J., Jr. 1970. Separation of powers: judicial independence. Law and Contemporary Problems 35: 108–127. https://doi.org/10.2307/1191032
  22. Fuller, Lon, L. 2/1978. The Forms and Limits of Adjudication. Harvard Law Review 92: 353–409. https://doi.org/10.2307/1340368
  23. Gardner, John. 2001. Legal Positivism: 5½ Myths. American Journal of Jurisprudence 46: 199–227. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajj/46.1.199
  24. Gardner, John. 2012. Law as the Leap of Faith – Essays on Law in General. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695553.001.0001
  25. Gluckman, Max. 1965. Politics, Law and Ritual in Tribal Society. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
  26. Hart, Herbert. 1/1949. The Ascription of Responsibility and Rights. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 49: 171–194. https://doi.org/10.1093/aristotelian/49.1.171
  27. Hart, Herbert. 4/1958. Positivism and the separation of law and morals. Harvard Law Review 71: 593–629. https://doi.org/10.2307/1338225
  28. Hart, Herbert. 1994. The Concept of Law. Second Edition with Postscrip, eds. Raz & Bulloch. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  29. Hejvud, Endrju. 2004. Politika. Beograd: CLIO.
  30. Jovanović, Slobodan. 1990. O državi. Beograd: BIGZ – Jugoslavijapublik – SKZ.
  31. Kelzen, Hans. 1951. Opšta teorija prava i države. Beograd: Arhiv za pravne i društvene nauke.
  32. Košutić, Budimir. 1973. Sudska presuda kao izvor prava. Beograd: Savremena administracija.
  33. Kramer, Matthew H. 2005. Where Law and Morality Meet. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  34. Landes, William M., Richard A. Posner. 2/1976. Legal Precedent: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis. The Journal of Law and Economics 19: 249–307. https://doi.org/10.1086/466868
  35. Liebwald, Doris. 2/2013. Law’s Capacity for Vagueness. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law 26: 391–423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11196-012-9288-3
  36. Lindquist, Stefanie A., Frank B. Cross. 4/2005. Empirically Testing Dworkin’s Chain Novel Theory: Studying the Path of Precedent. New York University Law Review 80: 1156–1206.
  37. Merrill, Thomas W. 1993. Judicial Opinions as Binding Law and as Explanations for Judgments. Cardozo Law Review 15: 43–79.
  38. Perry, Stephen R. 2/1987. Judicial Obligation, Precedent and the Common Law. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 7: 215–257. https://doi.org/10.1093/ojls/7.2.215
  39. Raz, Joseph. 1979. The Authority of Law. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  40. Raz, Joseph. 1999. Practical Reason and Norms. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198268345.001.0001
  41. Raz, Joseph. 2009. Between Authority and Interpretation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562688.001.0001
  42. Roberts, Paul. 2011. Does Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights Require Reasoned Verdicts in Criminal Trials? Human Rights Law Review 11: 213–235. https://doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngr003
  43. Rosenfeld, Michel. 1993. Executive Autonomy, Judicial Authority and the Rule of Law: Reflections on Constitutional Interpretation and the Separation of Powers. Cardozo Law Review 15: 137–174.
  44. Salmond, John William. 1966. Salmond on Jurisprudence, P. J. Fitzgerald. 12. ed. London: Sweet & Maxwell.
  45. Schauer. Frederick. 2012. Precedent. 123–136. The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Law, ed. Andrei Marmor. New York – London: Routledge.
  46. Schauer, Frederick. 2013. Is Defeasibility an Essential Property of Law? http://www.horty.umiacs.io/courses/readings/schauer-defeasibility.pdf, poslednji pristup 29. novembra 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199661640.003.0005
  47. Sebok, Anthony J. 1998. Legal Positivism in American Jurisprudence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511527456
  48. Solan, Lawrence M. 2016. Precedent in Statutory Interpretation. North Carolina Law Review 94: 1165–1234.
  49. Spaić, Bojan. 1/2018. The Authority of Precedents in Civil Law Systems. Studia Iuridica Lublinensia XXVII: 27–44. https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2018.27.1.27
  50. Spaić, Bojan. 1/2021. Interpretacija i konstrukcija: prilog razmatranju razlike između primjene prava i stvaranja prava. Pravni zapisi XII: 29–61. https://doi.org/10.5937/pravzap0-31882
  51. Summers, Robert. 1996–97. How Law is Formal and why it matters. Cornell Law Review 82: 1165–1229.
  52. Tamanaha, Brian Z. 2010. Beyond the formalist-realist divide: the role of politics in judging. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400831982
  53. Tasić, Đorđe. 1995. Uvod u pravne nauke – Enciklopedija prava. Beograd: Službeni list SRJ.
  54. Trešnjev, Aleksandar. 2013. Zbirka sudskih odluka iz krivičnopravne materije, knjiga 9. Beograd: Službeni glasnik.
  55. Troper, Michel, Christophe Grzegorczyk. 1997. Precedent in France. 103–140. Interpreting Precedents, eds. Neil MacCormick, Robert S. Summers. London – New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315251905-4
  56. Troper Michel. 2013. Separation of powers, translated by Philip Stewart. A Montesquieu Dictionary, ed. Catherine Volpilhac-Auger. http://dictionnaire-montesquieu.ens-lyon.fr/en/article/1376427308/en, poslednji pristup 29. novembra 2021.
  57. Vasić, Radmila, Miodrag Jovanović, Goran Dajović. 2016. Uvod u pravo, 3. izdanje. Beograd: Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Beogradu.
  58. Whittington, Keith E. 2015. The Power of Judicial Review. 388–408. The Oxford Handbook of the U.S. Constitution, eds. Mark Tushnet, Mark A. Graber, Sanford Levinson. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
  59. Vitgenštajn, Ludvig. Filozofska istraživanja. Beograd: Nolit.
  60. Zec, Jovana. 2020. Odluke Vrhovnog kasacionog suda kao formalni izvor prava. 103–114. Sudstvo kao vlast, ur. Miodrag Jovanović, Ana Zdravković. Beograd: CEPRIS.